便秘的臨床治療及護(hù)理便秘護(hù)理clinical treatment and nursing of constipation clinical treatment and nursing of constipation宣講人：XXXX 時(shí)間：20XX.XXLOGO

老人便秘當(dāng)心猝死在馬桶上男人便秘當(dāng)心腎虛腎衰女人便秘導(dǎo)致肥胖衰老加速便秘引起口臭讓你很尷尬便秘的危害

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便秘的定義clinical treatment and nursing of constipation and nursing of constipation01LOGO

便秘是指正常的排便形態(tài)發(fā)生改變排便次數(shù)減少糞便量減少排出過干過硬的糞便排便不暢、排便困難

便秘臨床表現(xiàn)clinical treatment and nursing of constipation and nursing of constipation02LOGO

便秘成因評(píng)估clinical treatment and nursing of constipation and nursing of constipation03LOGO

生理因素年齡：嬰幼兒、老年人個(gè)人排便習(xí)慣改變：排便時(shí)間、排便器具、排便時(shí)從事某些活動(dòng)如閱讀心理因素精神抑郁社會(huì)文化因素

與疾病有關(guān)的因素腸道本身疾?。耗c管腫瘤、炎癥等引起的腸腔狹窄或梗阻；直腸、肛門病變、如直腸內(nèi)脫垂、痔瘡、盆地松弛等全身性因素： 內(nèi)分泌或代謝性疾病如糖尿病甲狀腺功能低下等 系統(tǒng)性疾病如硬皮病、紅斑狼瘡等神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)疾病如中樞性腦部疾患、腦卒中等治療和檢查：腹部、肛門部位手術(shù)

便秘治療護(hù)理clinical treatment and nursing of constipation and nursing of constipation04LOGO

治療護(hù)理心理護(hù)理排便訓(xùn)練腹部環(huán)形按摩加強(qiáng)溝通，講解便秘危害，消除顧慮提供單獨(dú)隱蔽的環(huán)境及充裕的排便時(shí)間提供單獨(dú)隱蔽的環(huán)境及充裕的排便時(shí)間術(shù)前患者有計(jì)劃地訓(xùn)練其在床上排便床上排便，最好采取坐姿或抬高床頭病情允許時(shí)讓患者下床上廁所排便選擇適合自身排便時(shí)間排便時(shí)用手沿結(jié)腸解剖位置順時(shí)針按摩或按摩足三里穴位指端輕壓肛門后端也可促進(jìn)排便

飲食指導(dǎo)多食用蔬菜水果等高纖維食物、餐前提供檸檬汁等熱飲、適當(dāng)使用輕泄食物如梅子汁等、多飲水（病情允許時(shí)每日液體攝入量應(yīng)不少于2000ml）適當(dāng)食用油脂類食物鼓勵(lì)患者適當(dāng)運(yùn)動(dòng)加強(qiáng)腹肌和盆底肌的運(yùn)動(dòng)

遵醫(yī)囑灌腸

人工取便必要時(shí)先行油類保留灌腸，2-3小時(shí)候再作清潔灌腸早期使用栓劑、口服緩瀉劑

便秘的臨床治療及護(hù)理便秘護(hù)理clinical treatment and nursing of constipation clinical treatment and nursing of constipation宣講人：XXXX 時(shí)間：20XX.XXLOGO